What is edema, why does it occur and how is it treated?

Symptoms of edema

First, let's clarify what edema actually is. Edema is characterized as a condition in which there is more fluid in cells, tissues, or organs than there is under normal physiological circumstances. In other words, edema can be described as fluid retention in the body.

How do you know if you are experiencing edema? Edema is mainly manifested by tight skin that is shiny and on which a dimple appears when squeezed. Other signs of oedema include a feeling of heaviness in the legs or arms, or impaired mobility of the swollen limb.

In what parts of the body does swelling occur?

Edema can occur anywhere on the body; there is a distinction between generalized swelling, which occurs all over the body, and localized swelling, which occurs in only one part of the body.

However, the most common types of edemas are in the lower legs, feet, ankles, hands, or around the eyes (the so-called periorbital edema). Edema can also affect the internal organs, where they are associated with life-threatening danger, or the lips, tongue, and cheeks. We will take a closer look at edema in the lower limbs, which is quite common.

Oedema in the legs

As far as swelling of the lower limbs is concerned, it most commonly occurs in the feet, ankles, and lower legs. Leg edema is usually accompanied by a feeling of heaviness or tightness and can make walking difficult. Leg edema usually affects adults and increases in frequency with age, affecting women more often than men.

What causes leg edema?

As we have already outlined, there are several different types of swelling, which goes hand in hand with the fact that there are a number of reasons why they occur.

Some of the most common causes of leg edema include standing for too long or being sedentary, drinking too much alcohol and eating too much salty food, or taking certain medications. Of course, swelling can also be associated with an accident or insect bites.

In many cases, oedema is not a serious problem, but on the other hand, it can also accompany chronic diseases such as heart or liver diseases and may also indicate a disorder of the lymphatic system or chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). The likelihood of developing oedema is higher in pregnant women, overweight or obese people, smokers, and people undergoing hormone treatment.

How to treat leg edema?

Leg oedema treatment always depends on its cause. Therefore, it is important that the doctor discovers the cause so that the swelling can be treated properly. However, there are several general recommendations that can reduce edema. Let's take a look at them.

Regimen measures

Temporary swelling can be relieved by reducing salt intake or by raising the legs to an elevated position. Treatment, as well as prevention of swelling, should also be based on a healthy diet and sufficient exercise. Foot massage or acupuncture can also help. Cigarettes and alcohol should be avoided.

Wearing compression stockings

A proven way to reduce swelling is to wear compression stockings or socks, which should always be put on dry feet, ideally first thing in the morning.

Taking medication

Treatment of edema can, of course, also be supported by taking medications, some of which are over-the-counter.

TIP: VENORUTON

The medicine VENORUTON is indicated for the treatment of swollen, tired, and heavy legs. This clinically tested product is suitable for the treatment of symptoms and signs of chronic venous insufficiency, as well as for the relief of symptoms in hemorrhoids and as an adjunctive treatment for leg ulcers.

If the swelling persists after several days of home treatment or it worsens, you should seek medical help.